Emerging and developing economies have increased their share of global GDP from 40 percent in 1990, to 58 percent in 2015. These economies today represent more than 68 percent of the world’s GDP growth. However, the gap between industrialized and developing countries is still substantial. There is no doubt that—on the whole—multilateral development banks have been, are, and will continue to be, important instruments in the future, insofar as they have the capacity to adapt themselves to continuously changing economic, social, and geopolitical circumstances.Indeed, beyond the original model of the World Bank as a global development bank, different initiatives and institutional models have emerged over the years at the regional, sub-regional, and national levels in response to new geopolitical and socio-economic realities.